Where ?
Where ?
I found that once or twice, too. The census-takers had their instructions, but it's always nice to find one that bent the rules a little. It does help us now, so many years later. The census instructions were always to note the birth place as it was called at the time of the current census. So in my case, the first couple of times after they came to the U. S., my ancestors were born in Selkirk Settlement, then in British America, then in Canada-English, occasionally simply Canada. I've also seen Canada-West, which as in your example of Nova Scotia, isn't quite right. I know before the confederation of Canada, there was Upper Canada and Lower Canada, but the Selkirk Settlement was out in the northwest territory, not part of Canada at all at the time. Maybe Donald or one of our other Canadians can tell me this: On the State of Iowa censuses, the birthplace sometimes says O. C. What would that mean? The only thing I can think of is Outer Canada, but I've never heard that anywhere. I first saw that on a transcription on Rootsweb, but since the actual census images have been available on Ancestry.com, I've looked up some which haven't been transcribed, and I see that they were originally written British America, then that was crossed out and O. C. written in. So that was part of the instructions, I guess. I just don't know what they were thinking.
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Where ?
The Canadian Province of Manitoba was created in 1870 and that is why there was no census in the 1860's. Before that is was just a territory.I am not certain that there is an 1871 Census for Manitoba. The 1881 Manitoba Census lists only one Robert Livingstone born about 1849.